Fine lines and wrinkles are among the first signs of ageing owing to muscle movement in the most active areas of the face. More specifically, fine lines are caused by the muscle contracting (smiling or furrowing your brows). These fine lines then disappear when your muscles relax.
Over the years of smiling and other facial expressions, these fine lines become static and don't disappear when your face relaxes. Wrinkles occur not only due to years of muscle use but also due to the natural ageing process of less collagen, elastin and fat pads underneath the skin.
There are a few factors that influence fine lines and wrinkles:
Genetics and general ageing. We are born with a set amount of collagen and elastin which break down as we age causing our skin to loose strength and elasticity. Hyaluronic acid availability also decreases as we age causing an increase in dryness, leading to 'less plump & supple' skin. Together all these factors lead to fine lines and wrinkles.
The biggest contributor to visible ageing due to the UV rays weakening our skins collagen fibres and causing sun spots (excess pigmentation).
Choices such as smoking and lack of sleep can also contribute to fine lines and wrinkles. This is because nicotine increases the production of free radicals, which can damage the collagen in our skin. Lack of sleep can cause fine lines as sleep promotes cell regeneration.
Fine lines and wrinkles are harmless, but treatment is aimed at reducing their appearance.
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